Biopsychosocial Impact of Addiction on Family and CommunityBiopsychosocial Impact of Addiction on Family and Community
Instructor: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes PhD, LPC-MHSP, LMHC
Executive Director: AllCEUs Counseling CEUs and Specialty Certificates
Podcast Host: Counselor Toolbox, Happiness Isnât Brain Surgery
CEU courses based on this project are at https://allceus.com OR Register for the live webinar-based addiction counselor certification track https://allceus.com/certification
Objectives~ Identify the biological/health consequences of addiction and mental health issues on the family and community ~ Identify the psychological consequences of addiction and mental health issues on the family and community~ Identify the social consequences of addiction and mental health issues on the family and community~ Identify family and community interventions
Functions of the Family~ Protects and sustains both strong and weak helping them to deal with stress and pathology ~ Serves as a mechanism for family members to interact with broader social and community groups (peer, schools, work, religious, social)~ Provides an important point of intervention~ Influences weaker members in harmful ways due to tension, problems and pathology
Biological Effects on the Family~ Stress and stress related illnesses & sleep disturbances~ Failure to attend to childrenâs physical needs~ Exposure to toxic substances~ Cigarette smoke~ Drugs~ Overuse of sedatives~ Among parents for relaxation~ Among children for sleep/sedativePsychological Effects on the Family~ Physical or verbal abuse~ Erratic behavior leading to âwalking on eggshellsâ~ Child neglect which can have a traumatic impact ~ Donât Talkâ Donât Trust â Donât Feel~ Shame and guilt in IP and non-IP~ Depression among non-identified patient~ Anxiety among non-identified patientPsychological Effects on the Family~ Caregiving burnout~ Role reversal ~ Children lack a sense of wellbeing and safety~ Inappropriate coping models
Family Social~ Social Isolation~ Perfect façade~ Shame~ Exhaustion from caregiving for impaired member~ Financial problems due to lost employment and/or overspending~ Childhood trauma, depression, anxiety~ Children have poor relationships with adults (parents, teachers)Family Social~ Lack of social competence~ Distant, chaotic, unsupportive family relationships~ Inconsistent parenting~ More common in addictions~ Homelessness~ Placing family in high-risk situations
Family Interventions~ Improve communication within the family~ Restore roles and boundaries within the family~ Educate the family about the disorder~ Involve the family in the treatment plan~ Address anger, guilt, resentment in family members~ Ensure all family members have a respite~ Encourage healthy behaviors in the family (nutrition, sleep, exercise)~ Encourage development of social supports especially via support groups
Community Mental Health~ People with poor coping skills and negative thinking styles model these behaviors, spreading them~ National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) reports that there is a definite connection between mental illness and addictive behaviors~ People who have been diagnosed with a mental health disorder at some point in their lives are responsible for the consumption of:~ 69 percent of alcohol~ 84 percent of cocaine~ 68 percent of cigarettes
Community Health~ Impact of Depression and Anxiety~ The total economic burden of depression in 2000 was $83 billion ~ $52 billion was due to lost workplace productivity.~ Anxiety costs ~$47 billion per year~ Other costs include absenteeism, turnover, disability leave~ Every year, employers lose 27 work days per worker with depression, two-thirds of which is due to âpresenteeismâ ~ The cost of depression to employers greater than the cost of many other common medical conditions, including heart disease, diabetes, or back problemsCommunity Health~ Impact of Depression and Anxiety~ Leading cause of medical disability for people aged 14-44~ Reduced spending~ more than 1 in 10 Americans ages 12 and older report taking an antidepressant medication (effective for only ~41%)
~ Effective treatment outreach in many instances was often stymied by a combination ~ stigmatization of mental illness~ lack of realization among depressed people that they needed care~ a belief that treatment would not work in their particular circumstances~ A belief that a cure could be found in a pill~ impatience with the slow pace of symptom relief following initial treatmentCommunity Health~ America's top medical problems can be directly linked to addiction~ Tobacco contributes to 11-30% of cancer deaths.~ Society for the Advancement of Sexual Health estimates 3%-5% of the US suffers from sexual compulsion disorders~ STDs are at a record high according to the CDC~ Heart Disease is correlated with abuse of tobacco, cocaine, MDMA (ecstasy), amphetamines, steroids ~ Cancer, heart disease and COPD cost billions each year in medical costs, lost wages, unemployment
Community Health~ America's top medical problems can be directly linked to addiction~ Bloodborne Illnesses: 1/3 of AIDS cases & most cases of hepatitis C in the United States are associated with injection drug use.~ Cirrhosis of the liver~ Many with chronic or terminal illnesses experience high rates of concurrent depression and/or anxiety
Community Social~ Addiction costs the US over $484 billion annually~ Mental illness costs the US over $273 billion annually~ Cost centers:~ Health care ~ Lost earnings~ Crime (including domestic violence)~ Child welfare~ Accidents (work related, vehicular)~ Homelessness (31% homeless have an addiction)Community Social~ US social problems related to addiction:~ Drugged Driving: 10-22% of crashes involved alcohol~ Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders cost the US over $4 billion annually~ Violence: At least half of major crimes were related to addictions~ Child Abuse: At least 2/3 of patients in drug abuse treatment centers say they were physically or sexually abused as children.~ Domestic violence~ PTSD~ Bullying/Childhood suicide
Community Interventions~ Short, actionable, practical prevention messages in ~ Schools~ Morning announcements~ Health/PE class~ Churches~ Circulars~ End of sermon~ Media: Wellness minute before the weatherCommunity Interventions~ Short, actionable, practical prevention messages contâŚ~ Social Media: One post per day~ Search Engine: Search screen Google, Bing, Yahoo~ Stores: On receipts~ Strengthen community resources with peer support and trained volunteer programsFRAMES~ Feedback about the impact of thoughts, behaviors and feelings on self and others~ Responsibility for what is within the personâs control~ Advice~ Menu of Options~ Empathy~ Self-Efficacy
Summary~ Addiction and mental health issues can have direct and indirect effects on the family and community~ As clinicians we must at least attend to the reciprocal impact of the disorder on the individual, their proximal environment (home) and the community in which they live (neighborhood, school/work) and vice versaSummary~ Many people with addictions and mood disorders see their issues as not hurting anyone but themselves~ When provided with objective evidence to the contrary, using the FRAMES approach, can assist with increasing motivation for treatment~ Elicit, donât lectureReferences~ http://archives.drugabuse.gov/about/welcome/aboutdrugabuse/magnitude/~ http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/substance-abuse~ http://www.justice.gov/archive/ndic/pubs11/18862/impact.htm~ http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/data.html~ http://www.mass.gov/eohhs/gov/departments/dph/programs/substance-abuse/providers/prevention/risk-and-protective-factors.html